You can prepare it the day before, wrap it well and leave it in the fridge.
Preheat the oven to 180°C (350°F) on conventional heat.
Grease a cake pan and line the bottom and sides with parchment paper.
Sift the flour and cocoa powder with the baking powder and mix with a whisk.
Place the eggs, vanilla sugar, and regular sugar in a large mixing bowl because the mixture will triple in volume.
Place a little boiling water in another slightly smaller bowl for a bain-marie. The bottom of the bowl containing the eggs and sugar should touch the water, but the water should not rise up the sides of the mixing bowl.
Place the mixing bowl with the eggs and sugar over the bowl with hot water.
Beat for 15 minutes, or more depending on the power of your mixer. The mixture should triple in volume, become pale, and very creamy. The whisk should leave trails.
⚠️ Check the temperature of the sabayon (whipped eggs and sugar). The mixture should always remain barely warm, otherwise remove from the double boiler.
Remove from the double boiler. The sabayon should be cold; otherwise, continue to whisk it, outside of the double boiler, to cool it down.
Fold in the mixture of flour, cocoa, and baking powder in 4 or 5 additions. Gently work from bottom to top without whisking to avoid deflating the mixture.
Fill the mold and immediately place it in the oven for 55 minutes, a little more or a little less depending on the oven.
Check for doneness at three quarters of the baking time.
At the end of the baking time, check with a skewer inserted into the center of the sponge. The skewer should come out dry, without any trace of batter. Leave the cooked sponge in the turned-off oven, with the door slightly ajar, for 5 minutes.
Remove the sponge from the mold onto a wire rack and let it cool before cutting it into 3 discs.